Each control has a single textbook function, and the test uses the manual's wording:
- Mirrors (1, 3) – check that it is safe to move, signal, brake or change lanes. Always mirrors before signalling.
- Indicator (5) – signal your intention to turn or change direction.
- Steering wheel (4) – turn or change direction.
- Parking brake (7) – hold a stationary vehicle; never for slowing a moving one.
- Clutch (8) – "disengage the engine": disconnect the engine from the gearbox so a gear can be changed or the vehicle stopped without stalling.
- Gear lever (6) – select a gear.
- Accelerator (10) – increase or decrease speed. It controls engine speed; releasing it slows the engine.
- Foot brake (9) – reduce speed or stop, including suddenly.
- Hooter (11) – a warning signal only.
- Wiper (2) – clear the outside of the windscreen. The demister clears mist on the inside.
Know the instruments too. The speedometer shows road speed in km/h; the odometer shows total distance travelled; the rev counter shows engine speed; the fuel gauge shows fuel level; the temperature gauge shows engine coolant temperature – red means overheating, stop and let it cool. A red warning light (oil, battery, brake) means a fault: stop safely and investigate.
Lights: main beam must show at least 100 m ahead and dipped beam at least 45 m. Dip for oncoming traffic and when following another vehicle. Hazard lights are for a stationary vehicle that is an obstruction, never for signalling a turn. ABS stops the wheels locking under hard braking so you keep steering control – keep firm pressure, do not pump the pedal.